Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is an effective tool to aid a loved one live more independently at home. If they are not designed properly they could be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require landings to be level at any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp design should meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to maneuver the structure with ease. The ramp slope can't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed of treated lumber, which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The ramp's bottom and top should be free of obstructions like trees or bushes, or any other structures which could interfere with the safety of the user. In addition the surface of the ramp must be smooth and non-slip. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip surface running along the entire length of the ramp.

For the ramp frame choose treated lumber that is at minimum four inches wide. Make posts to support the ramp, ensuring they are at minimum eight feet apart and that they extend below ground level. The posts must then be connected to the ramp's railings using spindles. This kind of connection is recommended because it decreases the chance of the ramp operator falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, build the frame for the ramp using joists that are at least 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using hangers for joists which are nails that grip the inside of the joists and prevent them from slipping out of place. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Include an upper landing in the doorway to ensure the electric Wheelchair ramps-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side for out-swing doors. For doors that swing in, the landing must be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and a person using handicap wheelchair ramp who has to roll backward through the doorway.

Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes on corners. A level landing is easier to remove a ramp of the way when needed, so that equipment like lawnmowers can move under it.

Materials

Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to build a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installer can assist you in choosing the right option for your office or home. When choosing the material for the ramp, it's important to take into account your budget and requirements. The ramp should be easy to maintain and should be safe for uy enter or exit an apartment.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is a ramp that has a plane that can be installed as an alternative to or in addition to stairs. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to reach areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

There are several considerations when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair that should be considered, including the height, location and cost. The ramp should be located as close as possible to the door to avoid unnecessary travel. It should be located at a height that the person using it can be able to easily access it. It should also be properly anchored to the ground and clear of obstructions, such as the trees or cars parked.

ADA regulations require ramps to have handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. Additionally, they should be connected to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the edge of the ramp. Handrails should be continuous if the ramp is designed with switchbacks, or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of a ramp is contingent on the slope, however there are several common ramps that are suitable for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example is a ramp that is flush with the lip of the curb or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are however they can be moved to another place and come in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be assembled on-site. These ramps are commonly used in commercial or public areas and are usually longer.

If you are considering an all-weather ramp, be sure to check with the building department of your city to see if you need a permit. It's also a good idea to consult a mobility expert to determine what kind ramp will be the most suitable for your requirements and the space that you have. In certain situations, installing permanent ramps can increase the value of your house.

Maintenance

It is essential to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used often. You'll need to perform regular inspections and repair any structural issues that occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is essential to get rid of dirt and other debris that could hinder access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also stop moisture from accumulating under the surface and leading to rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work if the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps due to the fact that they are more likely wear and tear. The most important thing to do is make sure you have the proper tools for the job. A good set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers are crucial to ensure that all fixings are tight and secure. You should also regularly inspect the handrails for signs of damage or corrosion. Over time, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon for some of the fittings or bolts that hold the handrails to come loose. This can be an unsafe situation for anyone who is using the ramp.

Another important aspect is to ensure the ramp's surface is grippy, especially during winter when conditions may be difficult. You'll need to sweep away any dirt, leaves and other debris that could obstruct the surface and cause slippage. It is also recommended to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive to the ramp surface to prevent injuries and slipping.

If you're planning to use your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specifically designed to aid in tracking on uneven and snowy surfaces, so they'll be more efficient than standard wheelchair tires in aiding you to stay on the ramp. Alternately, you can put heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to melt ice and snow before it builds up.